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Commodities: To Buy Or Not To Buy ? 4/2
5/14: Christian Benthelsen WSJ
Part 1
Commodity prices are on the rise, as gold, corn and other basic materials climb back from steep declines—and outpace U.S. stocks.
The rebound may stir hopes that a longer-term boom has resumed after three rough years for natural resources, and a measured bet could pay off.
But for ordinary investors, commodities often are a raw deal. They should take a hard look before loading up.
First, weigh whether you need the exposure. Perhaps the main reason investors hold commodities is to hedge against inflation. But inflation remains muted in the U.S. Moreover, many investors in broad-market index funds already hold shares in companies that could make more money if crude oil, nickel or some other material gets more expensive—and those companies can often turn a profit even if prices stagnate. Companies in the energy, utilities and basic-materials sectors represent about 17% of the market value of the S&P
500, for example.
Then consider the drawbacks. Commodities can provide diversification from stocks and bonds, but they generate no income in the form of dividends or interest payments. They also are vulnerable to prolonged declines, such as the three-year tailspin that culminated in 2013, when a 9.
5% drop in the Dow Jones- UBS UBSN.VX +0.
50% Commodity Index made commodities the worst-performing major U.S. asset class—including stocks, bonds and real estate—based on total return to investors. By contrast, the S&P gained 32%, including dividends.
"To invest in commodities, you would have to take away from something else in the portfolio. You're taking from equities, with higher returns and the same volatility, or you're taking from bonds that have the same return and less volatility," says Mark Keating, a partner at Willow Creek Wealth Management in Sebastopol, Calif., which oversees $700 million.
Associated Press
The Dow Jones-UBS index has generated a 9.9% return for investors this year through Thursday, compared with a 2.3% return on the S&P
500, according to FactSet.
Even advisers who think commodities can be useful often recommend only small doses, perhaps 3% to
5% of a portfolio. An investor who is particularly concerned about the risk that the U.S. dollar will lose much of its value might hold some gold, which can act as a store of value at times, though it also can behave like a risky asset.
In addition, investors need to carefully study the many mutual funds and exchange-traded funds that have cropped up over the past decade or so to offer exposure to commodities, experts say. The funds often carry steep fees and hidden risks that could eat into returns, so investors should understand how they work.
Here is what investors need to know about what drives commodity prices and how to place a smart wager.
China's Voracious Appetite
From the start of 2000 through the end of 2010, the Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Index, which follows future contracts for 22 commodities from aluminum to zinc, more than doubled. Copper gained 417%, and cotton 184%. The single biggest reason for the rally was that China was growing rapidly.
Still, that only addresses the demand side of the equation. Supplies of many raw materials also were constrained in the years leading up to that decade, because tepid sales and prices had led commodity producers to limit outlays needed to boost output.