Author Archives: Charles Lynn Bolin

About Charles Lynn Bolin

Lynn Bolin retired in June 2022 and is immensely enjoying the more relaxed lifestyle. He spends his extra time with family, studying the economy and investing, at the gym, exploring the parks, and tasting the culinary pleasures at the local restaurants and Farmer’s Markets. After spending over thirteen years working internationally, he is enjoying exploring nature closer to home. Lynn graduated with an Engineering degree from New Mexico Tech and an MBA from Eastern New Mexico University. He worked as a Technical Services Manager over engineering and other functions. He enjoys building investing models in his spare time and writes articles for Seeking Alpha.

Portfolio Risk Assessment

By Charles Lynn Bolin

In my former life in the private sector prior to retiring, part of my role was risk mitigation; identifying potential bad things that might happen and minimizing their impact in case they do happen. I have carried that practice into investing. The financial landscape is constantly changing, but these changes are extreme this year. In preparation for the known unknown, I lowered my stock-to-bond allocation from 65% to 55% by changing what I manage. I desired to lower my stock-to-bond ratio even further to 50% within a range of 50% to 60% and was able to do so by changing my profile with my Financial Advisor at Fidelity.

I use Vanguard to manage a portion of my investments and enjoy reading Vanguard Capital Markets Model forecasts for insights about long-term returns. In January of this year, Isabel Wang described Vanguard’s view that investors could Continue reading →

Trending Funds at Mid-2025

By Charles Lynn Bolin

My strategy involves looking at what is trending according to my rating system, and buying what fits into my portfolio if I can build a storyline behind it. My rating system of nearly a thousand funds is based mostly on data from Mutual Fund Observer to reflect my assessment of short and intermediate-term trends. I selected the funds using MFO Family ratings, assets under management, risk, and risk-adjusted performance, and availability without loads and transaction fees through Fidelity and Vanguard.

From the S&P 500 PE Ratio – 90 Year Historical Chart by Macrotrends, I estimate that the price-to-earnings ratio today is at the Continue reading →

Protecting Against Tariff Induced Inflation

By Charles Lynn Bolin

The US Treasury first implemented Inflation-Protected Bonds (TIPS) in 1997, and they now make up about 7% of the Treasury market.  Since then, inflation has rarely gone above 3% until 2021. Tariffs (customs duties) began surging in 2018, and President Trump is now implementing widespread tariffs. With retailers having low profit margins, these tariffs will mostly be passed on a tax on consumers. This article represents my research on how to invest the bond portion of a portfolio to reduce volatility and prepare for higher inflation.

Inflation Forecasts

Inflation by various measures has fallen below 2.3%. Tariff increases were announced on April 2nd, and it takes time for products with the additional tariffs to reach the shelves. The Fed – Monetary Policy: Beige Book describes prices increasing at a Continue reading →

Investing Internationally for the Timid Investor

By Charles Lynn Bolin

I like Will Rogers’ quote, “Don’t gamble; take all your savings and buy some good stock and hold it till it goes up, then sell it. If it don’t go up, don’t buy it.” A good friend of mine once said that a balanced portfolio will usually have funds that are losing money. Then there are the unusual years like 2022 when few categories other than money market funds, short-term bonds, and commodities had positive returns. This article looks at how Vanguard Global Wellesley Income Fund (VGWIX) may fit into the portfolio of a timid investor, or how WisdomTree Dynamic Currency Hedged International Equity Fund (DDWM) might fit into the portfolio of a somewhat Continue reading →

Best Laid Plans of Mice and Men

By Charles Lynn Bolin

I created my best laid plans of mice and men for retirement, or as Dwight D. Eisenhower said, “plans are worthless, but planning is indispensable”. I follow much of what Christine Benz recommends in How to Retire: 20 Lessons for a Happy, Successful, and Wealthy Retirement. I divide my intermediate investment bucket, consisting of Traditional IRAs, into conservative sub-portfolios of bonds that I manage and more aggressive sub-portfolios of stocks and bonds managed by Fidelity and Vanguard for growth and income. In this article, I look at managing withdrawals in a secular bear market with Continue reading →

Trending Funds YTD 2025

By Charles Lynn Bolin

Each month, I update my ranking system for the thousand or so funds that I track using the MFO Premium fund screener and Lipper global dataset. I then compare the funds that I own to the trending funds to see if I want to make any changes. I follow a diversified traditional portfolio approach with over half managed by Fidelity and Vanguard. In this article, I look at the Lipper Categories and highest ranked funds for bonds, mixed assets, and equities.

Bond Funds

Bond funds are ranked based upon 1) three-year risk-adjusted returns (Martin Ratio), 2) short-term returns and momentum, 2) risk (drawdowns and Ulcer Index), 3) bond quality, and 4) yields, among other metrics. The funds Continue reading →

My Investment Strategy For 2025

By Charles Lynn Bolin

With the high volatility over tariffs, uncertainty, and concerns over the independence of the Federal Reserve, parts of this article may be out of date within hours of completing it. How does one invest in this environment? I have updated my Investment System to reflect my current strategy. In short, it is set up as a traditional 60% stock/40% bond portfolio within a range of 55% to 65% stocks based on my investment model. I set the model up to make small quarterly adjustments based on volatility-adjusted momentum and a shift between international and domestic growth based on valuations and momentum.

In April, I searched for and found that I can Continue reading →

Equity Fund Ratings

By Charles Lynn Bolin

The typical response from someone when they find out that I have retired is, “Congratulations! What do you do in your spare time?” To which I reply, “I volunteer at Habitat For Humanity and Neighbor To Neighbor, go to the gym, visit family, take day trips, and write financial articles.” I would get a more excited response if I replied that I go paragliding in Costa Rica. I do occasionally get a response from people wanting to know more about investing.

This article summarizes how Continue reading →

Overview of Secular Markets

By Charles Lynn Bolin

A young lady where I volunteer asked me when I started saving. I started saving as a child, but had no money saved until nearly thirty years later when I started down a “stable” career path after graduating with an engineering degree and an MBA. I described to her that Fidelity’s guideline is to have one year’s income saved by age 30 and 10 times your income by the time you retire. The next question was, “How do you protect your savings from severe corrections in retirement?” I explained that inflation is the silent risk of being too conservative and described target date funds as perhaps being ideal for someone starting out in savings when the daily challenges of home and work life weigh heavy on time requirements. Continue reading →

Investment Buckets for Bonds

By Charles Lynn Bolin

I have had conversations with friends and family, and the question comes up, “Where should I put my money [cash] to earn a safe yield. This comes from younger people starting to build a nest egg and older people wanting to protect their nest egg. The options asked about are high yield savings accounts, certificates of deposits (CDs), or paying off mortgages. One concept has confused people when talking about bond funds. There are two components to fixed income return: 1) the yield, which is typically paid daily, monthly, quarterly, or annually, and 2) changes in yield that impact the price of the bonds. If the yield Continue reading →

ETF Bond Ladders

By Charles Lynn Bolin

Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that are designed to be used in bond ladders with target maturities have been around for over a decade. They come in Corporate Debt BBB-Rated, High Yield, Inflation-Protected, U.S. Treasury General, and Municipal Bond Lipper Categories. They have the advantages of simplicity, diversification, liquidity, flexibility, and low expense ratios. The disadvantages are that an active investor may be able to selectively pick higher-yielding bonds, some of the bonds held in the ETF may be callable, the dividends are not as predictable as individual bonds, and in the final year the bonds that have matured are invested in Treasury bills.

Invesco manages Bulletshares bond funds and BlackRock manages iShares iBonds. A summary is shown in Table #1. Included in the iShares iBond ETFs totals Continue reading →

Spicy Bond Funds

By Charles Lynn Bolin

I wrote Business Cycle: Boring Bond Funds at Seeking Alpha in June 2019, describing the yield curve and that conditions were favorable to increase allocations to bonds. In hindsight, I believe that a “soft landing” would have been achieved had it not been for the COVID-induced recession. The conservative accounts that I manage are now fully invested in bonds. In this article, we will look at “Spicy Bond Funds” for those who are interested in high yield and safety. Spicy, but not too hot, and easy to manage!

There are several important considerations for investing in bonds. First, the S&P 500 earnings yield is less than the 10-year Treasury which Continue reading →

Searching For High Tax-Exempt Yield

By Charles Lynn Bolin

There may be a place for tax-exempt municipal bond funds in the portfolios of middle-class and upper-middle-class American households as well as for those in the upper-income group. I have about 15% of my fixed-income funds invested in municipal bonds. They may be suitable in long-term after-tax accounts where you want to reduce taxes. State-focused municipal bond funds may also reduce state income taxes. This article discusses Continue reading →

Searching For Yield in All of The Safe Places

By Charles Lynn Bolin

What kind of investor are you? Do you want yield, safety, yield with a reasonable risk, or total return? I created a ranking system to combine Risk, Yield, Return, Quality, Trend, and Tax-Efficiency factors into an overall rating. I used yield divided by Ulcer Index which measures the depth and duration of drawdowns to limit the number of categories that I evaluate.

My favorites may not be the same as yours. Table #1 shows how I rank the categories. I will be discussing Continue reading →

Income Investment Strategy For 2025

By Charles Lynn Bolin

Uncertainty is in the air. Do you feel it? The price-to-earnings ratio of the S&P 500 is approaching 30 and is within bubble territory which implies below average long-term returns. Thirty-five percent is concentrated in the top ten holdings and 46% is concentrated in the Technology and Financial Sectors.  The economy is stronger than expected and inflation pressures still exist so volatility is high. The yield on the 10-year treasury fell from 4.7% last April to 3.6% in September back up to 4.8% last month and has fallen to 4.6%. Bond investors are expecting rates to remain higher for longer and want to be compensated for duration risk.

President Trump campaigned on the platform of tax cuts which are a stimulus but Continue reading →

My ETF Picks for the Bucket Approach In 2025

By Charles Lynn Bolin

My retirement planning for the past two years since retiring has focused on the Bucket Approach to have the right funds in the right investment buckets to have high-risk adjusted returns while minimizing taxes over my lifetime. This article focuses on forty of the top performing ETFs that I believe can form a good foundation for the coming decade. I wrote Investing in 2025 And the Coming Decade describing why I think bonds will outperform stocks on a risk-adjusted basis Continue reading →

Lifetime Investment Strategies For Younger Investors

By Charles Lynn Bolin

“For the young the days go fast and the years go slow; for the old the days go slow and the years go fast.” – Anna Quindlen, Lots of Candles, Plenty of Cake: A Memoir of a Woman’s Life.

Secular bear markets with low returns along high volatility often deter younger investors from starting to invest, yet they offer tremendous buying opportunities. Prioritizing the long-term need to save for retirement over Continue reading →

Investing in 2025 And the Coming Decade

By Charles Lynn Bolin

It is that time of the year for the prognosticators to make their forecasts of what the markets will be like next year and perhaps for the adventurous few to project out the next ten to thirty years. “Do I have enough saved to retire if the stock and bond markets do not keep up with inflation for twenty years?” It is not a rhetorical question to ask ourselves.

I don’t want to be the Grinch who steals Christmas, but I hope for the best and prepare for lower long-term returns. Enjoy your favorite holiday meals, especially the desserts.

After reviewing Continue reading →

Envisioning the Chaos Protected Portfolio

By Charles Lynn Bolin

President-elect Trump is picking his staff appointees who are perceived by some to be controversial, unqualified, or even extremists. The justification is often that they are disruptors who will challenge the status quo. The rhetoric is increasing about adding tariffs, eliminating agencies, reducing regulations, and cutting Federal spending and staff. Rhetoric moves markets. This article is about protecting our portfolios from chaos during times of high uncertainty.

During the first three years of President Trump’s first term, Federal spending increased by nine percent after adjusting for inflation. This was partly because the 2017 tax cuts did not generate sufficient growth to pay for themselves. During the next four years with the pandemic-era stimulus, Federal spending increased by an additional seventeen percent adjusted for inflation. Federal spending is Continue reading →

Top Performing Multi-Cap Core Funds (FCTDX, VTI, VTCLX)

By Charles Lynn Bolin

How simply can we invest without getting too simple? Three of my largest holdings are multi-cap core funds held in accounts managed by Fidelity, Vanguard, or myself. I own Vanguard Total Stock Market Index ETF (VTI), Fidelity Strategic Advisers US Total Stock (FCTDX), and Vanguard Tax-Managed Capital Appreciation Admiral (VTCLX). What is under the hood of these funds and how well do they perform compared to the market?

According to the Refinitiv Lipper U.S. Mutual Fund Classifications, multi-cap core funds “by portfolio practice, invest in a variety of market capitalization ranges without Continue reading →